Interviewer: Aung Zaw (AZ)
Interviewee: Maj-Gen Twan Mrat Naing (TMN), Arakan Army (AA)
Aung Zaw: Thank you for joining us, Major General. Let’s start with the concept of the "Arakan Dream" that you’ve mentioned before. Can you elaborate on what it means?
Major General Twan Mrat Naing: The Arakan Dream is what we’ve been working toward, not just in the military sense but in building a dignified society in Rakhine. It’s about revolution and reconstruction. We aim to create an Arakan nation that guarantees peace, justice, equality for every person, and harmony among all communities. This dream is not just about liberating territory or winning battles; it’s about securing a future where the people of Rakhine can live with dignity and have their rightful place in history.
AZ: You’ve mentioned that progress has been made in this journey. Can you tell us more about what that progress looks like?
TMN: Yes, we’ve made significant progress, both on the battlefield and in gaining the support of our people. It’s not just about gaining territory; it’s about the fundamental changes we are seeing in the way our people are united and committed to this cause. The strength and resolve of the Rakhine people have been key to this progress. Despite the challenges we face, especially with limited resources and technology compared to the Myanmar military, we’ve managed to advance. When I say we are making good progress, I’m referring to this deeper level of change.
AZ: You’ve also spoken about the broader strategic alliances and operations beyond Rakhine. How does this fit into your overall strategy?
TMN: It’s important to see Rakhine as part of a larger picture. We can’t look at the situation here in isolation. We connect it with the events happening in other parts of Myanmar, along our borders, and even with neighboring countries. That’s why we are part of the Brotherhood Alliance — a coalition of ethnic armed groups. We fight together when necessary, but we also operate separately in our respective regions. This alliance allows us to complement each other’s strengths and weaknesses. It’s not disjointed, as some analysts claim. In fact, the different regions and circumstances we face help us to operate more effectively.
AZ: The Brotherhood Alliance has seen some significant military successes. Can you share a specific example?
TMN: Yes, one of the most satisfying victories was the seizure of the Northeast Command in Lashio, northern Shan State. That operation was a critical moment for us, not just in terms of strategy but also in terms of morale. The Myanmar military was shaken by that victory, and it’s a clear sign of how our coordinated efforts are working. These are the kinds of successes that show we are not just a symbolic force but a growing military presence.
AZ: Looking ahead, do you believe Rakhine State will be fully liberated? Is that a realistic goal in the near future?
TMN: If you ask whether Rakhine State will be liberated, I’d say it’s possible — but it will take time. We’ve made significant territorial gains in Gwa, Ann, and Kyeintali townships, but the goal isn’t just to occupy land. What we need to do is continue with military operations while also engaging in political strategies to secure our long-term success. So, it’s not just about temporary victories. We’re playing the long game here, combining military strength with political negotiations.
AZ: That leads me to the question of politics. How does political engagement fit into the AA’s overall strategy?
TMN: Politics is key. In the past, when ethnic armed groups entered into negotiations, they often had little leverage because they lacked military strength. Now, with our growing power, we are in a better position to engage in meaningful political dialogue. We aim to resolve these issues not only on the battlefield but also through political means. In the end, lasting peace and stability will come from political solutions. That’s what we are working toward.
AZ: Let’s talk about the regional dynamics. How do China and India factor into your strategy, given their significant interests in Rakhine State?
TMN: China is an important player in this conflict. Like any country, China is motivated by its own interests. But we try to harmonize our goals with theirs. We want to protect their investments and personnel in Rakhine, like those working on the Kyaukphyu port and the oil and gas pipelines. In doing so, we aim to foster a relationship of mutual respect. We don’t want to confront China; we want to collaborate where possible.
India, on the other hand, has been slower to react. Their bureaucratic systems make it hard for them to move as quickly as China. They have invested in the Kaladan transport project, but their approach is less efficient. Still, we are working to ensure the security of their investments and maintain positive relations with both countries.
AZ: With these regional powers involved, do you think that helps or complicates the AA’s mission?
TMN: It’s both. On one hand, we need to be careful not to provoke unnecessary conflicts with either China or India. On the other hand, their investments give us leverage. We’ve seen how the Myanmar military has exploited these relationships, but we believe that by protecting these interests, we can enhance our standing and improve relations with these countries. It’s a delicate balance.
AZ: As we wrap up, what’s your vision for the future of Rakhine State? What does the next phase of the Arakan Dream look like?
TMN: The Arakan Dream is about more than just military success. It’s about creating a society where every person has dignity, peace, and justice. We want to build an Arakan nation that’s recognized not just in Myanmar, but globally, as a place of fairness and prosperity. We still have a long way to go, but with the support of our people and our military strength, we believe we can achieve this dream. It’s about more than just territory — it’s about securing a future where we can live in peace and build a society that reflects our values.
AZ: Thank you for sharing your insights, Major General. It’s been a pleasure speaking with you.
TMN: Thank you for having me. We will continue our struggle, both on the battlefield and in the political arena, until the Arakan Dream is realized.
This conversation offers a rare glimpse into the inner workings of the Arakan Army and its leader's vision for the future. As the situation in Rakhine State evolves, the AA’s approach to military and political engagement will play a crucial role in determining the region’s future and Myanmar’s overall political landscape.
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